因为debian官方软件源在国外，如果你用的国内服务器，那么当你安装一个软件或者apt update的时候，你会感到那安装速度非常感人。所以在安装完 Deiban 系统后的首要事情就是更换为国内的镜像源，能显著提高软件安装和系统更新速度。本文收集了4个好用的国内镜像源供大家选择。

可用的国内镜像源列表

阿里云

deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib
deb https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.aliyun.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib

腾讯云

deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib
deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib
deb https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.tencent.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib

 清华大学

deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-updates main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian/ bullseye-backports main contrib non-free
deb https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free
deb-src https://mirrors.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/debian-security bullseye-security main contrib non-free

华为云

deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ bullseye main non-free contrib
deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian-security/ bullseye-security main
deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ bullseye-updates main non-free contrib
deb https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib
deb-src https://mirrors.huaweicloud.com/debian/ bullseye-backports main non-free contrib

手动更换镜像源

手动更换 Debian 镜像源配置主要分为以下三步：

1. 用熟悉的文本编辑器打开 /etc/apt/sources.list 文件（需要 sudo 权限），或是直接执行 sudo apt edit-sources 命令。
2. 替换文件内容为上面任意一个镜像站的源配置代码并保存。
3. 运行 sudo apt-get update 命令更新软件索引。

一键更换镜像源

使用命令替换镜像源更为快捷。比如在没有更换过数据源的情况下，要使用阿里云的 Debian 镜像源：

sudo sed -i 's/deb.debian.org/mirrors.aliyun.com/g' /etc/apt/sources.list

这样就完成了默认源到阿里云镜像源的配置。接下来同样需要执行一下 sudo apt-get update 命令更新软件索引。

上面这个命令的原理在镜像源的地址上。不同的镜像源通常只是域名有所区别，其他部分大致类似。所以之需要通过 sed 命令来修改 /etc/apt/sources.list 这个源配置文件中的域名地址就足够了。

但这意味着使用这个命令方式修改镜像源的配置时需要格外注意。如果输入的匹配地址或替换地址有误，有可能不会生效，或是导致镜像源异常。遇到这种情况，可以选择上面手动更换镜像源的方式来解决。